Característica Euleriana (Lecciones Populares De Matemáticas) – Yu. Shashkin (Español)

Posted on July 2, 2022 by The Mitr

En este post, veremos el libro Característica Euleriana (Lecciones Populares De Matemáticas) por Yu. Shashkin. (Euler Characteristic)

Sobre el libro

Este folleto da pruebas de la famosa fórmula de Euler para politopos convexos y de sus análogos para otras figuras (planos, espacios y polígonos). Las fórmulas llevan al lector de forma natural a la noción de característica de Euler. Se dan dos definiciones de la noción y se demuestra su equivalencia. Se discute el papel desempeñado por la característica de Euler en diferentes problemas geométricos, es decir, en la descomposición de planos y espacios, en el cálculo de áreas, en el recubrimiento de esferas.
El libro está dirigido a alumnos de último año, estudiantes universitarios y universitarios y a todos los amantes de las matemáticas.

El libro fue traducido del ruso por B. Mirchevski.

El libro fue publicado por la editorial Mir en 1989.

Créditos al cargador original.

Puedes conseguir el libro aquí.

(Disculpas por cualquier error, estoy usando la traducción automática)

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L’algèbre Récréative (Science Pour Tous) – Yakov Pérelman (Perelman)

Posted on July 1, 2022 by The Mitr

Dans cet article, nous verrons le livre L’algèbre Récréative par Yakov Pérelman.

À propos du livre

II ne faut pas considérer ce livre comme un manuel d’ « algèbre facile >> pour débutants. Comme mes autres ouvrages de la même collection, L’algèbre récréative n’est pas un livre d’études, mais un livre à lire pour se distraire. Le lecteur auquel il est destiné doit avoir certaines connaissances d’algèbre, même si elles sont vagues ou à moitié oubliées. L’algèbre récréative a pour but de rendre plus précises, de rafraîchir et d’approfondir ces connaissances éparses et peu solides, mais surtout de former chez le lecteur le goût pour l’étude de l’algèbre et le désir de combler lui même, à l’aide des livres appropriés, ses lacunes éventuelles. Sous ce rapport, L’algèbre récréative n’a pas le même but qu’un livre comme Les nombres et les figures de Rademacher et Toeplitz, par exemple, qui ne demande pas au lecteur de  «se rappeler les mathématiques que nous avons étudiées dans notre jeunesse». Mon livre, au contraire, cherche à consolider les connaissances acquises à l’école.
Pour donner plus d’attrait et d’intérêt au sujet, j’ai utilisé différents moyens ; on trouvera  ici des problèmes peu courants ou curieux, des incursions dans l’histoire des mathématiques, des applications inattendues de l’algèbre dans la vie pratique, etc.
Par les matières étudiées, ce livre ne dépasse pas le programme d’algèbre de l’enseignement secondaire, abordant presque toutes les parties de celui ci, mais évitant les questions théoriques difficiles.

Le livre a été traduit du russe par Ch. Bir.

L’édition française a été publiée en 1984 par les éditions Mir.

Crédits à l’uploader d’origine.

Vous pouvez obtenir le livre ici et ici.

(J’ai utilisé la traduction automatique, toutes mes excuses pour les erreurs.)

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Contenu

Extrait de la préface de l’auteur à Ia troisième édition 5

Chapitre premier. La cinquième opération mathématique 7

Qu’est-ce que la cinquième opération? 7
Chiffres astronomiques 8
Combien pèse l’air entier ? 10
Combustion « sans flamme et sans chaleur » 11
La diversité du temps 13
La serrure à secret 14
Un cycliste superstitieux 16
Résultats de doublements répétés 17
100 mille fois plus vite 19
10 mille opérations par seconde 23
Le nombre de parties d’échecs possibles 27
Le secret de l’automate joueur d’échecs 28
A l’aide de trois 2 32
A l’aide de trois 3 33
A l’aide de trois 4 33
A l’aide de trois chiffres identiques 34
A l’aide de quatre unités 35
A l’aide de quatre 2 36

Chapitre II. Le langage de l’algèbre 38

L’art de poser des équations 38
La vie de Diophante 40
Le cheval et le mulet 41
Les quatre frères 43
Des oiseaux sur les rives du fleuve 44
Une promenade 46
L’équipe de faucheurs 47
Les vaches dans le pré 51
Le problème de Newton 54
Permutation des aiguilles d’une montre 56
Coïncidence des aiguilles d’une montre 60
Les sept joueurs 61
rs absurdité apparente 63
ie pense pour nous 64
Quelques cas curieux 64
Dans un salon de coiffure 68
Le tramway et le piéton 69
Le vapeur et le radeau 70
Les deux boîtes de café 72
Une soirée dansante 73
Une reconnaissance navale 74
Au vélodrome 76
Une compétition de motocyclistes 77
La vitesse moyenne d’une automobile 79
Machines mathématiques 81

Chapitre III. Au secours de l’arithmétique

Multiplication instantanée 94
Les chiffres 1, 5 et 6 97
Les nombres 25 et 76 98
« Nombres » infinis 98
Le supplément 102
Divisibilité par 11 104
Le numéro de la voiture 106
Divisibilité par 108
Le théorème de Sophie Germain 109
Nombres divisibles 110
Nombre des nombres premiers 112
Le plus grand nombre premier connu 113
Un calcul sérieux 113
L’algèbre ne simplifie pas toujours 117

Chapitre IV. Les équations de Diophante 119

Achat d’une tente 119
Vérification des comptes d’un magasin 124
Achat de timbres-poste 126
Achat de fruits 127
Deviner la date de naissance 129
La vente des poulets 131
Deux nombres et quatre opérations 133
Les côtés d’un rectangle 135
Deux nombres de deux chiffres 136
Les nombres de Pythagore 137
Equation indéterminée du troisième degré 142
Cent mille marks pour la démonstration d’un théorème 146

Chapitre V. La sixième opération mathématique 149

Quel est plus grand ? 151
Résoudre en un seul Coup d’œil 152
Paradoxes algébriques 153

Chapitre VI. Equations du second degré 157

Les poignées de main 157
Un essaim d’abeilles 158
La bande de singes 159
La prévoyance des équations 160
Le problème d’Euler 162
Les haut-parleurs 164
L’algèbre d’un voyage sur la Lune 166
« Un problème difficile » 169
Quels sont ces nombres? 172

Chapitre VIII. Maximums et minimums 173

Les deux trains 173
Où faut-il placer l’arrêt du train? 175
Comment tracer la route? 178
Maximum d’un produit 180
Minimum d’une somme 185
Une poutre de volume maximum 185
Les deux champs 186
Le cerf-volant 187
La construction d’une maison 189
Ün terrain pour une maison de campagne 191
Auge de section maximum 192
La capacité maximum d’un entonnoir 195
Le plus fort éclairage 196

Chapitre VIII. Progressions 199

Une progression très ancienne 199
L’algèbre sur le papier quadrillé 201
L’arrosage d’un jardin potager 202
La nourriture des poules 203
Une équipe de terrassiers 205
Les pommes 206
L’achat d’un cheval 207
La pension d’un soldat 208

Chapitre IX. La septième opération mathématique 210

Les concurrents des logarithmes 212
L’évolution des tables de logarithmes 213
Curiosités logarithmiques 214
Les logarithmes sur la scène 216
Les logarithmes à la ferme 219
Les logarithmes dans la musique 220
Les étoiles, le bruit et les logarithmes 222
Les logarithmes dans l’éclairage électrique 225
Testament pour des centaines d’années 226
Accroissement continu d’un capital 229
Le nombre « e » 230
Une astuce logarithmique 232
Ecrire un nombre quelconque à l’aide de trois 2 233

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The Price Of Truth: The Story of Rare-Earth Elements – Trifonov

Posted on June 30, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book The Price Of Truth: The Story of Rare-Earth Elements by D. N. Trifonov.

About the book

This book is about a fascinating family of chemical elements.

Popular science writers generally tend to overuse the word “fascinating” but in this case it gives a very apt description. Indeed, everything about these dozen and a half elements is fascinating-the histories of their discoveries, their properties and their applications.

Take Mendeleev’s periodic table of elements. The row under the table describes 14 elements from cerium to lutetium. When we add to them lanthanum, yttrium and scandium which are found in the third group of the table we have 17 elements comprising this fascinating family.

Seventeen? Was not it a dozen and a half just a few lines above? What is i t – a slip or carelessness?

Not at all. There is yet no complete agreement on which elements can be called the rare-earth elements. We shall discuss this problem below.

At last we gave the name to this family-the rare- earth elements belong to it. This rather interestingly sounding name contains two substantial errors.

Indeed, these elements are not all that rare.

Further studies demonstrated that the properties of these elements differed from those of the classic “earth” elements. Then their oxides should not be called earths.

We see that the name “rare earths” is just a relic of the past still used owing to a tradition. Sometimes it is better to keep an old familiar name, even if it has lost its former meaning, than invent a new one. Though this family of elements never lacked for names as we shall see in this story.

A prominent French chemist Georges Urbain once gave a very imaginative description of the history of rare-earth elements saying: “It was a sea of errors and the truth sank in it.”

But when the truth had been finally uncovered, when all intricacies of rare-earth elements had been studied it became clear that they were priceless, indeed. Rare earths make their contribution to the progress in practically all branches of modem technology.

Here we end this short but necessary introduction and begin our story.

About the author

Dmitri TRIFONOV is a Soviet chemist working on the history of chemistry. D. Trifonov was born in 1932. He graduated from the chemical de­partment of Moscow University where he later was awarded the degree of doctor of science. Cur­rently he is the head of a research group at the Institute of History of Natural Sciences and Tech­nology of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow .His research concerns mainly the theory and history of the periodic system of elements. He has written several books on the subject some of which have been translated into foreign languages. D. Trifonov is a well-known writer on science. He has written ten popular science books and a few dozen papers

The book was translated from Russian by O. Glebov and I. Poluyan and was published in 1987  by Mir Publishers.

You can get the book here.

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Contents

Short Introduction 6
The Thorny Path of Discoveries 9
The Birth of Truth 36
The Element from the “Sealed Envelope” 85
A Coming Age of Rare-Earth Elements? 111
In Conclusion: Are There “Relatives” of Rare-Earth Elements? 126

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Wondrous Ships – Sakharnov

Posted on June 29, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Wondrous Ships by Svyatoslav Sakharnov.

About the book

Ships ply the seven sea. They puff and chug, and the waves slap against their sides as they
hurry on their different ways. One has a tall smokestack, another has a squat one. Some can pull three barges along easily, while others can barely get themselves moving. Each one is different.

Their stories are different, too. Ships are like people, each one wondrous and like no other.

Translated from the Russian by Fainna Solasko and Fantastic drawings by Vladimir Surikov.

Published in 1981 by Progress Publishers.

All credits to Guptaji

You can get the book here.

PS: I have nostalgic memories of the drawings in this book. It is the second Soviet era book that I had read, the first being All About the Telescope. The images of this book fueled my childhood imagination…

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Contents

Dragon Heads

The Caravels

The Ship that only sailed a day

The Victory’s Last Battle

A Clipper Ship

An Impossible Collision

The Blue Destroyer

The Ship of The Revolution

Posted in books, children's books, children's stories, progress publishers, soviet | Tagged , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

An Introduction To Computers – Sergeev, Vashkevich

Posted on June 28, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book An Introduction To Computers by N. Sergeev and N. Vashkevich.

About the book

Because of the rapid growth and wide use of computers, in practically all fields of man’s activity, there is a need for students in all specialities to have a concise, yet thorough presentation of computer theory, design and operation.

This book is an attempt to fill this need. It covers the circuitry and operating principles of analog and digital computers, special-purpose com­puting devices, machines and systems. Ample space is devoted to a basic theory of similitude and simulation, and a fairly detailed description is given of basic functional elements, assemblies and units which make up typical analog and digital computers, in conjunction with an introduction to the mathematical and logical basis of electronic digital computers.

Separate sections deal with block-diagram synthesis of analog compu­ters to solve algebraic, transcendental, ordinary and partial differential equations and their systems. The reader will find a survey of methods used to program problem solving on analog and digital computers, analog with a brief outline of digital differential analyzers and hybrid systems.
Written by leading authorities in the field of Soviet computer enginee­ring with a wealth of teaching and research experience at colleges, the book is student-oriented in the presentation of the subject-matter.
The book will be of primary value to college students and faculty mem­bers and also to researchers and engineers concerned with the develop­ment and application of computers.

The late PROFESSOR SERGEEV N.P., Doctor of Technical Sciences, was Head of the Chair (automatic informa­tion retrieval systems), rector of the Penza Polytechnic Institute. Lectured on computers (both digital and analog) and engineering and business applications of computers. Read lectures on automatic informa­tion retrieval systems. Has penned a total of 250 papers of which 200 have been published, including three monographs and 23 study aids on computer engineering and data processing.

PROFESSOR VASHKEVICH N.P., Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the Chair (computer engineering) at the Penza Polytechnic Institute.
Is a prominent authority in the Soviet Union on computation and computer engineering, especially in the field of product quality control.
Has penned 200 publications, inclu­ding several study aids and a mono­graph.

Translated from the Russian by Boris Kuznetsov. First published 1976, revised from the 1973 Russian edition. Second printing in 1981 and third printing 1987

You can get the book here.

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Contents

Preface 8
Introduction 9

PART ONE. ANALOG COMPUTERS 11

Chapter I. Basic Theory of Similitude and Electric Modelling 11

1.1. Basic Conce pe of Similitude Theory 11
1.2. Synthesis of Electric Models for Physical Systems 18
1.3. Electric Modelling of Physical Fields 23

Chapter II. Computing Elements 34

2.1. General 34
2.2. Basic Elements of Computing Circuits 35
2.3. Summing Networks 54
2.4. Differentiators and Integrators 58
2.5. Function Generators 66
2.6. Function Multipliers-Dividers 85

Chapter III. Synthesis of Analog Differential Analyzers 97

3.1. Development of a Block Diagram for a Differential Analyzer 97
3.2. Main Units of Differential Analyzers 102
3.3. Problem Preparation for a Differential Analyzer 106
3.4. Problem Solving on an Electronic Differential Analyzer 113

Chapter IV. Algebraic and Transcendental Equation Solvers 118

Special-purpose purpose Algebraic Equation Solvers 118
Techniques for Solving Linear Algebraic Equations on Electronic Analog Computers 123

PART TWO. ELECTRONIC DIGITAL COMPUTERS

Chapter V. Mathematical Basis of Digital Computers 127

5.1. General 127
5.2. Arithmetic Principles 130
5.3. Switching Circuits and Boolean Algebra 142

Chapter VI. Basic Functional Elements of Electronic Digital Computers 156

6.1. Computer Elements 156
6.2. Logical Design 177
6.3 Logic Assemblies of Electronic Digital Computers 186

Chapter VII. Principal Units of an Electronic Digital Computer 200

7.1. Arithmetic Unit 200
7.2. Storage 204
7.3. Input/Output Equipment 227
7.4. Control Equipment 245

Chapter VIII. Principles of Programming 252

8.1. Basic Definitions. Hypothetical computer 252
8.2. Direct Programming 256
8.3. An Outline of FORTRAN Language 269

Chapter IX. Special-purpose Computers 287

9.1. Control Computers 287
9.2. Digital Differential Analyzers 289
9.3. Analog-Digital Computers 295
9.4. Prospects in the Development and Use of Electronic Computers 296

Bibliography 299
Index 300

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Handbook Of Physics – Yavorsky, Detlaf

Posted on June 27, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Handbook Of Physics by B. Yavorsky and A. Detlaf. We had earlier seen an abridged version of the handbook titled A Modern Handbook of Physics by the same authors.

About the book

A handbook covering fundamental branches of physics in detail.

This handbook is designed primarily for engineering students, as well as college and university students studying, but not majoring in physics. It can be used to advantage by engineers and graduate students, as well as by instructors and lecturers of intermediate schools and colleges.

Mathematical knowledge required in using the handbook is within the scope of the ordinary mathematics courses of engineering institutes. The detailed index and the numerous cross references, indicating the chapter, section and subsection, are of aid in finding any required information.

Translated from the Russian by Nicholas Weinstein

First published 1972 Revised from the 1968 Russian edition

You can get the book here.

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Contents

PART ONE THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS

CHAPTER 1 Kinematics of Particles and Rigid Bodies 15

CHAPTER 2 Dynamics of Translatory Motion 34

CHAPTER 3 Work and Mechanical Energy 59

CHAPTER 4. Dynamics of Rotary Motion 72

CHAPTER 5. Fundamentals of Analytical Mechanics 92

CHAPTER 6. Mechanical Vibrations 112

PART TWO THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

CHAPTER 7. Introduction 147

CHAPTER 8. Ideal Gas Laws 153

CHAPTER 9. First Law of Thermodynamics 157

CHAPTER 10. Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics 169

CHAPTER 11. Kinetic Theory of Gases 207

CHAPTER 12. Elements of Statistical Physics 221

CHAPTER 13. Real Gases and Vapours

CHAPTER 14. Liquids 259

CHAPTER 15. Crystalline Solids 272

CHAPTER 16. Amorphous Substances 293

CHAPTER 17. Polymers 298

PART THREE THE FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID MECHANICS

CHAPTER 18. Fluid Statics 316

CHAPTER 19. Fluid Dynamics 321

PART FOUR ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

CHAPTER 20. Electrostatics 348

CHAPTER 21. Direct Electric Current in Metals 383

CHAPTER 22. Electric Current in Liquids and Gases 395

CHAPTER 23. Electric Current in Semiconductors 409

CHAPTER 24. Junction, Thermoelectric and Emission Effects 415

CHAPTER 25. Magnetic Field of Direct Current 434

CHAPTER 26. Motion of Charged Particles in Electric and Magnetic Fields 453

CHAPTER 27. Electromagnetic Induction 465

CHAPTER 28. Magnetic Properties of Matter 477

CHAPTER 29. Electromagnetic Oscillations 497

CHAPTER 30. Fundamentals of Electrodynamics of Stationary Media 511

CHAPTER 31. Fundamentals of Magnetohydrodynamics 525

CHAPTER 32. Fundamentals of the Special Theory of Relativity 534

PART FIVE WAVE PHENOMENA

CHAPTER 33 Fundamentals of Acoustics 549

CHAPTER 34. Electromagnetic Waves

CHAPTER 35. Light Travelling Through the Boundary Between Two Media 602

CHAPTER 36. Interference of Light 614

CHAPTER 37. Diffraction of Light 623

CHAPTER 38. Geometrical Optics 644

CHAPTER 39. Polarization of Light 672

CHAPTER 40. Molecular Optics 694

CHAPTER 41. Thermal Radiation 710

CHAPTER 42. Light Quanta 719

CHAPTER 43. Luminescence 730

PART SIX ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS

CHAPTER 44. Elements of Nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics 736

CHAPTER 45. The Atom

CHAPTER 46. The Molecule 801

CHAPTER 47. The Atomic Nucleus 827

CHAPTER 48. Nuclear Reactions 887

CHAPTER 49. Elementary Particles 887

Appendices

APPENDIX I Units of Physical Quantities and Their Dimensions in Various Systems

I.1 Units of Mechanical Quantities 912
I. 2Units of Heat Quantities 918
I.3 Units of Electric and Magnetic Quantities 918
I.4 Units of Sound Pressure Level 927
I.5 Units of Light Quantities 927
I.6 Certain Units of Atomic and Nuclear Physics 928

APPENDIX II Universal Physical Constants 929

Index 935

 

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Chemistry – Definitions Notions Terminology – Busev, Efimov

Posted on June 26, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Chemistry – Definitions Notions Terminology by A. I. Busev; I. P. Efimov.

About the book

An excellent up-to-date guide to the terminology of chemistry and the allied sciences written in the simplest language consistent with accuracy and fullness.

The book contains the most important information pertaining to inorganic, organic and analytical chemistry. the reader will also find reliable definitions and clear explanations of the basic terms used in radiochemistry, polymer science, chemistry of scattered elements, biochemistry, and geochemistry. A compact, authoritative reference book indispensible for secondary school pupils interested in chemistry and related disciplines.

Translated from the Russian by V.A. Sipachev. First published 1984, Revised from the 1981 Russian edition Second printing 1987 by Mir Publishers.

You can get the book here.

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Mécanique – Landau, Lifchitz

Posted on June 25, 2022 by The Mitr

Dans cet article, nous verrons le livre Mécanique de L. Landau et E. Lifchitz.

À propos du livre

Le présent livre est la traduction du 1er volume du Cours de physique théorique de L. Landau, de l’Académie des Sciences, et de E. Lifchitz, membre correspondant de l’Académie des Sciences de l’U.R.S.S.

Consacré aux fondements de la mécanique, à savoir la mécanique newtonienne classique, le sujet est basé principalement sur le principe de relativité de Galilée et le principe de moindre action de Hamilton. L’exposition est simple et conduit au moyen direct le plus complet de résoudre des problèmes en mécanique.

 

Le livre a été traduit du russe par Claude Ligny.

L’édition française a été publiée en 1969 par les éditions Mir.

Crédits à l’uploader d’origine.

Vous pouvez obtenir le livre ici.

(J’ai utilisé la traduction automatique, toutes mes excuses pour les erreurs.)

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Electronic Structure Of Metals – Brandt, Chudinov

Posted on June 24, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Electronic Structure Of Metals by N. B. Brandt and S. M. Chudinov.

About the book

“ Electronic Structure of Metals” is a textbook on the physics of metals. It opens with an exposition of the connection between the various properties of metals and the energy spectrum of their electrons. Employs the method of the structure of the Fermi surface. Devotes much space to describing the behaviour of the electron system in metals in the presence of a quantizing magnetic field, and gives a detailed exposition of various quasi-classical and quantum methods of investigating the Fermi sur­face. This textbook is for university students. Suitable also for col­leges of education and other higher teacher-training courses.

About the Authors

 Nikolai Brandt, Dr. Sc. (Phys.-math.), Professor, heads the department of solid-state physics and is the chair of low-temperature physics at the Moscow State University. The field of his scientific interests is solid-state physics. His scientific activities are mainly directed to the study of matter under the com­bined action of super-strong magnetic and electric fields, super-high pressures, strong anisotropic deformations, and strong alloying at low and ultra-low temperatures.
The most important results of Brandt’s scientific research are the discovery and study of phase electron transitions of 2.5 kind under the action of pressure which have been predicted by Acad. Lifshits; the discovery of electron phase transitions of the type metal-dielectric and dielectric-metal in strong magne­tic fields; the discovery and study of new types of gapless state of substances appearing under the action of pressure and magnetic field; the discovery and study of the stationary phase-exciton insulator; the dis­covery of superconductivity at high pressures for a number of new modifications cf phosphorus, antimony, arsenic, bismuth, and indium antimonide.
Nikolai Brandt is the author of more than 50 published Works.
Sergei Chudinov, Cand. Sc. (Phys,-math.), is an assistant professor at the chair of low- temperature physics at the Moscow State University.
The main direction of his scientific activities is the study of electron energy spectra of sub­stances.
The most important results of Chudinov’s scientific research are the establishment of zonal structure of bismuth-antimony alloys in the region of antimony concentrations up to 20 at. per cent and determination of the nature of its variation under the action of pressure and a strong magnetic field; the discovery of new types of gapless state of substances appearing under the action of pressure and magnetic field. Sergei Chudinov is the author of about 40 published Works.

The book was translated from Russian by V. Afanasyev was published in 1975 by Mir Publishers.

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Contents

Introduction 7

Chapter One. THE CRYSTAL LATTICE 13

1-1. Metal Formation through Condensation of “Neutral Atoms. The Metallic Bond 13
1-2. The Metallic Bond and Crystal Lattice 17
1-3. The Nature of Oscillations of Atoms in a Crystal Lattice 18
1-4. The Natural-frequency Spectrum of a One-dimensional Lattice 23
1-5. Phonons. Thermal Oscillations in a One-dimensional Lattice 34
1-6. Specific Heat of a Lattice. Einstein’s Model 39
1-7. Specific Heat of a Lattice at Temperatures below 𝛩_{D} 41
1-8. The Spectral Density of Phonons 50
1-9. Interaction of Phonons 57

Chapter Two. THE SYSTEM OF VALENCE ELECTRONS 61

2-1. The Behaviour of the Electron System in a Metal 61
2-2. The Concept of Fermi Surface 62
2-3. The Effect of Crystal Lattice on the Motion of an Electron 67
2-4. The Dynamics of an Electron in the Crystal Lattice 79
2-5. Dependence of the Energy of an Electron in the Lattice on Quasi-momentum 89
2-6. Construction of Brillouin Zones 97
2-7. The Reciprocal Lattice. The Wigner-Seitz Method for Constructing the First Brillouin Zone 106
2-8. Filling the Brillouin Zone with Electrons 111
2-9. Fermi Surfaces of the Elements of Group I of the Periodic Table 115
2-10. Harrison’s Method for Constructing Fermi Surfaces 120
2-11. The Modern Scheme of Constructing Fermi Surfaces. Topological Classification of Fermi Surfaces 138
2-12. Motion of Quasi-particles in a Constant Magnetic Field 148
2-13. The Density of States 165
2-14. Quantization of the Energy of an Electron in a Magnetic Field. 169
2-15. Distribution of Electrons in p-space in the Presence of a Quantizing Magnetic Field 177
2-16. The Density of States in a Magnetic Field 183
2-17. A Two-zone Metal in a Magnetic Field 197

Chapter Three. ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF METALS 219

3-1. Phenomenological Description of Electric Conductivity 219
3-2. Electric Conductivity and Energy Spectrum of Electrons in a Metal 220
3-3. Temperature Dependence of Electric Conductivity 282
3-4. Electric Conductivity of Metals in a Magnetic Field. General Considerations 240
3-5. Weak Magnetic Fields 241
3-6. Weak Magnetic Fields. Hole-type Fermi Surfaces 248
3-7. Strong Magnetic Fields 250

Chapter Four. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS FOR STUDYING THE ENERGY SPECTRUM OF ELECTRONS IN METALS 268

4-1. General Remarks 268
4-2. Galvano-magnetic Methods for Studying the Energy Spectrum 269
4-3. The Azbel-Kaner Cyclotron Resonance 276
4-4. Gantmacher’s Radio-frequency Size Effect 289
4-5. Pippard’s Magneto-acoustic Resonance 300
4-6. Quantum-mechanical Magneto-acoustic Resonance 307
4-7. Oscillational Quantum Effects 314

Bibliography 331
Index 334

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La physique à la portée de tous – Livre 4 – Photons et noyaux (Science Pour Tous) – Kitaïgorodski

Posted on June 23, 2022 by The Mitr

Dans cet article, nous verrons le livre La physique à la portée de tous – Livre 4 – Photons et noyaux (Science Pour Tous) par A. Kitaïgorodski.

À propos du livre

Le livre “Photons et noyaux” a pour objet d’illustrer la mise en œuvre des lois du champ électromagnétique et de la physique quantique pour une étude du comportement des ondes électromagnétiques de différents longueurs d’onde.
Une initiation préalable à la mécanique ondulatoire et à la théorie de la relativité restreinte permettra d’aborder la question du noyau atomique. A la suite d’un exposé des principaux résultats concernant la structure du noyau atomique, on s’attachera à une discussion de la question cruciale des wurces d’énergie dont pourrait disposer l’Humanité. Un aperçu sur la physique de l’Univers termine cet ouvrage.
Le volume restreint de l’ouvrage nous a obligés à sacrifier certains thèmes traditionnels, afin de ménager la place pour un exposé de nouveaux développements.

Le livre a été traduit du russe par S. Medvédev. L’édition française a été publiée en 1984 par les éditions Mir.

Crédits à l’uploader d’origine.

Vous pouvez obtenir le livre 4 ici.

Livre 1.

Livre 2.

Livre 3.

(J’ai utilisé la traduction automatique, toutes mes excuses pour les erreurs.)

Continue reading →

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