A Course In Descriptive Geometry – Gordon, Sementsov-Ogievskii

Posted on December 22, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book A Course In Descriptive Geometry by V. O. Gordon; M. A. Sementsov-Ogievskii.

About the book

This celebrated textbook was written as a course in descriptive geometry for students of machine building and mechanical engineering institutes. It contains sections on systems of orthogonal projections and axonometric projections. It also includes a systematic account of topics like formation of projections, point and straight line, planes and their mutual positions, formation of a drawing
by varying projection planes and rotation, construction of polygons and their intersection by a plane and
a straight line, intersection of one polygonal surface by another, curved lines and curved surfaces,
intersection of curved surfaces by a plane and a straight line, intersection of one curved surface
by another, involution of curved surfaces. Each chapter contains a large number of test questions to make the subject matter more readily comprehensible. The book also contains a short account of the development of descriptive geometry since XIX century as well as information about some scientists who have made significant contributions in the field of descriptive geometry both as a science and as a subject of study.

Edited by V. O. Gordon
Translated from the Russian by Leonid Levant
First published 1980
Revised from the 1977 Russian edition

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Aksel Berg A Man Of 20th Century – Radunskaya

Posted on December 21, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Aksel Berg A Man Of 20th Century by I. L. Radunskaya. This books is a part of the Outstanding Soviet Scientists series

About the book

His life, in essence, consisted of several separate lives. or just the third of the lives, he would merit a biography all the same. Because each of his lives would be sufficient to make a full-blooded biography of an outstanding man.

In fact, the first life is the life of a nobleman, a czarist officer who sided with the Revolution and became one of the first Red navigators, first radio physicist and one of the fathers of cybernetics. A tragic event nearly killed him. But he was destined to know a new fate, to become an admiral, an Academician, a Deputy Minister of Defence, a Hero of Socialist Labour. He was instrumental in developing Soviet radar science, one of the wonders of the century. A myocardial infarction, several years taken away by diseases. But. . .A third life begins. The 66-year-old Berg again puts up a fight, a fight for cybernetics. It was not without good reason that his friends jokingly called the science cy-Berg-netics. A new life of the scientist. True, on the surface of it this life had no major upheavals, no exciting events — no battles and gales. If the earlier years is a novel of action, then this life is a novel of thought. It is a clash of ideas! Some excerpts from his note-books: “After the dust of centuries has settled down, we will be remembered not only for our victories and defeats in warfare or politics, but also for what we have accomplished for the future spiritual development of man.” “Nobody must be great or wise, but everybody must be honest…” “Admiration for outstanding people produces natural desire to emulate them.” It is in this hope that I begin my story.

Translated from the Russian by Alexander Repyeu
First published 1986
Revised from the 1971 Russian edition

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Industrial Robots Handbook – Kozyrev

Posted on December 20, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Industrial Robots Handbook by Yu. Kozyrev.

About the book

Industrial robots are being used more and more in many fields of industry where they are replacing human operators engaged in onerous, repetitive, or potentially hazardous jobs. A particular point in favor of robots is that they can be taught to do jobs which are not amenable to automation or mechaniza­tion through conventional approaches. Robot systems are certainly only one of the many possible means of automating and simplifying the production process. They pave the way to a qualitatively new stage of automation, namely, the development of production systems which would require a minimum human attendance.
One of the main advantages of industrial robots is that they can be quickly reprogrammed to undertake tasks that differ in sequence and character of mani­pulation steps. Robots are therefore most cost-effective in conditions of frequent product changes and in automation of jobs requiring manual unskilled labor. A major share of the products of the metal-working and machine-building industries come in low-volume batches. It is essential to evolve automatic assembly machines suitable for short and medium production runs. Of no less importance is to ensure fast retooling of automatic lines and putting them on stream as fast as possible.

Industrial robots can be harnessed to handle not only the main tasks but also auxiliary ones, which explains why they are generating ever greater in­ terest.

From 1970 to 1980, the total world stock of machinery loosely called indu­strial robots increased 25-fold to number 25 000 units. The areas of application of robots extend with each passing year. Robots mostly service press-forging and foundry equipment, and also machine tools. The use of robots for welding, painting, and coating operations continues to extend. In the last few years the number of robots working at assembly jobs has increased.

One of the main causes of the intensive development of robotics is the need to increase productivity in manufacturing. In comparison with conventional automatic means, robots offer greater flexibility in solving technical and orga­nizational problems and shorten the time needed to complete and adjust auto­matic systems, and put them into service.

In deciding on whether to use robots, industrial safety and working conditions should be given prior consideration. This is particularly the case where condi­tions are harmful or hazardous to the health of workers.

To sum up, industrial robots will most likely be used more and more to achieve the following:
— raise the quality and volume of products, with a minimum of labor force employed, owing to a decrease in the production time and reproducible perfor­mance of robots which are not subject to fatigue; increase the life of the equip­ ment; improve the current production processes and create innovative high­ speed production processes and equipment; — improve working conditions by relieving people of stultifying, repetitive, tedious, hazardous tasks; increase the safety of industrial labor; decrease the loss in man-hours due to occupational trauma and industrial diseases;
— decrease labour requirements.

Translated from the Russian by P. S. Ivanov
First published 1985
Revised from the 1983 Russian edition

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Exploitation des Mines – Boky

Posted on December 19, 2022 by The Mitr

Dans cet article, nous verrons le livre Exploitation des Mines par B. Boky.

À propos du livre

Un livre sur l’exploitation minière. Montre plusieurs aspects de l’exploitation minière de différents types de minéraux et les technologies impliquées.

Traduit du russe par A. Gôrodiski, B. de Trezvînsky, Y. Vassilevsky
Un grand merci à Henri Leveque pour le scan original.

L’édition française a été publiée en 1968 par les éditions Mir.

Crédits à l’uploader d’origine.

Vous pouvez obtenir le livre ici.

(J’ai utilisé la traduction automatique, toutes mes excuses pour les erreurs.)

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Testing Of Electrical Insulating Materials – Kazarnosky, Tareev, Forsilova, Lyubimov

Posted on December 18, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Testing Of Electrical Insulating Materials by D. M. Kazarnosky; B. M. Tareev; I. D. Forsilova; L. I. Lyubimov.

About the book

The textbook describes the modern methods for determining electrical and nonelectrical characteristics of electrical insulating materials and insulation systems. The chapters present information on specimens for materials and insulation components and preparation of the specimens for testing.The topics also include widespread measuring devices and test units.
The book is intended for students of secondary technical schools and may also serve as a manual for specialists engaged in testing of electrical insulating material and insulation products.

Translated from the Russian by P. S. Ivanov

First published 1982 Revised from the third 1980 Russian edition

You can get the book here.

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Contents

 

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Nikolai Vavilov: The Great Sower – Gobulev

Posted on December 17, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Nikolai Vavilov: The Great Sower by G. Gobulev. This book is a part of the Outstanding Soviet Scientists series.

About the book

Together with the names of Darwin, Linnaeus, Mendel and other giants of science, the name of N. Vavilov adorns the cover of the international journal Heredity.There are but a few prominent scientists worldwide, who, in our century, worked as fruitfully as he did so that humankind would have plenty of bread.Nikolai Vavilov was elected to the Academies of Sciences of India, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Scotland, the Royal Society of London, the New-York Geograph­ ic and American Botanic Societies, the Linnean So­ciety of London, and other scientific institutions else­ where.A mountain in the Antarctic Regions, a glacier in the Pamirs, streets and squares in many a city have been named after him. An international committee has decid­ ed to name a large area of the Moon’s surface after the Vavilov brothers (his brother, S. Vavilov, an out­ standing physicist, headed the USSR Academy of Sciences for many years).Portraits of the Great Sower can be encountered in the offices of plant breeders and agronomists in Mexico and Ceylon. Those who continue the glorious cause begun by him are working everywhere.
A special committee of the United Nations Organi­zation has deemed it imperative to rely on Vavilov’s theory of the centres of origin of cultivated plants in planning international expeditions.
As during his life-time, N. Vavilov continues to con­ tribute to the world’s agricultural theory and practice.

Translated from the Russian by Vadim Sternik
First published 1987
Revised from the 1979 Russian edition

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Fundamentals Of Television Engineering – Kazinik, Safroshin

Posted on December 16, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Fundamentals Of Television Engineering by M. Kazinik; N. Safroshin.

About the book

Television has come to play an important part in life today. In science, engineering and the national economy, it is a means of observation, control and communication. For the public at large, it is a means of education and recreation.In industry, television facilitates the organization of centra­lized control of manufacturing processes and observation of the operation of machines and instruments in inaccessible places. Thus, special television cameras housed in air- or water-cooled casings are used to transmit information on conditions in blast and open-hearth furnaces, and the opera­tion of nuclear reactors.At large railroad terminals, television systems are used in marshalling operations. At sea and river ports, they control loading and unloading operations. Submarine television instal­lations have been developed; as far back as 1952 work was begun in the USSR to use television in astronomy. Television installations are being successfully employed as training aids, for automation of manufacturing processes and in di­ verse other fields. Television is now an important means in
space research and the study of other planets.This book has been written to facilitate training of the highly skilled personnel required for maintenance and repair of conventional television receivers and industrial television
installations.It conforms with the curriculum for vocational training of installation and repair mechanics. The physical aspects of the phenomena discussed are considered in detail.The book contains a large number of circuit arrangements and diagrams of conventional TV sets. A special chapter deals with the main principles of colour television. The book is easy to read and understand. Radio amateurs with an elementary knowledge of electricity and radio will find it helpful.

Translated from the Russian by Yu. Yudin

Revised from the 1967 Russian Edition in 1970

You can get the book here.

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Methods Of Solving Problems In High School Mathematics by A. G. Tsypkin; A. I. Pinsky ; V. I. Blagodatskikh (Editor)

Posted on December 15, 2022 by The Mitr

In this post, we will see the book Methods Of Solving Problems In High School Mathematics by A. G. Tsypkin; A. I. Pinsky ; V. I. Blagodatskikh (Editor).

About the book

In this educational aid, intended for high-school students, an attempt has been made to classify the problems encountered in high-school mathematics by their solution methods.

It was rather difficult to attain the aim the authors set for them­ selves. On one hand, a detailed classification of problems by methods of solution would require the consideration of a large number of con­ crete problems and, on the other hand, a schematic classification would not yield a useful aid for solving different kinds of problems. There­ fore, alongside a large number of worked problems, the book includes many problems (about 2500) for the reader to solve.

In addition to the traditional problems from the course of high- school mathematics, the book includes methods for solving simple differential and integral calculus problems as well as problems which require the use of coordinates and vector algebra. These sections only include problems whose solutions require knowledge that is beyond the scope of high-school mathematics.

Some problems in the book can only be solved by a combined application of the knowledge from the traditional and new divisions of mathematics. These include, for instance, problems connected with the calculation of limits, derivatives and antiderivatives of functions which must first be simplified by means of identity transformations.

The authors consider all the most frequent methods of solving problems from the high-school course of mathematics. The fact that many problems are not followed by their solutions makes it possible to use the book for preparing for the entrance examinations to higher
educational establishments.

Translated from the Russian by Irene Aleksanova

First published 1986

Revised from the 1983 Russian edition

You can get the book here.

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Introduction À La Physique Statistique – Vassiliev

Posted on December 14, 2022 by The Mitr

Dans cet article, nous verrons le livre Introduction À La Physique Statistique par A. Vassiliev.

À propos du livre

Le présent ouvrage a été écrit sur la base des cours professés par Fauteur pendant plusieurs années à la Faculté des Techniques élec­troniques de Institut énergétique de Moscou. Bien que la physi­que statistique soit devenue une discipline nécessaire pour les étu­diants des Grandes écoles techniques, il n’existait pas jusqu’à présent de manuel spécialement prévu pour cette catégorie des lecteurs.
L’expérience accumulée par Fauteur dans l’enseignement des principes de la physique statistique Fa convaincu que les ouvrages existants sont trop compliqués pour les étudiants. C’est probable­ ment aussi le cas des ingénieurs désireux de se perfectionner dans ce domaine. Les manuels destinés aux instituts pédagogiques sont plus accessibles, mais ils ne conviennent pas très bien non plus. La raison en est que, en premier lieu, leurs auteurs y recourent largement aux équations de Hamilton pour déduire le théorème de Liouville qui sert à justifier la distribution de Gibbs. Cette voie s’avère difficile
ne seraitce que pour la raison que les programmes de mécanique théorique ne prévoient pas tous, loin de là, l’initiation aux équa­tions de Hamilton. Une autre raison qui impose la création d’un cours spécial consiste en ce qui suit. Pour de nombreuses disciplines, dont celles qui sont liées à l’électronique, les principes de la physi­que statistique des états hors d’équilibre (i.e. la cinétique) sont d’un grand intérêt du fait qu’ils créent une base sur laquelle peut reposer l’étude des disciplines spéciales traitant du passage du cou­rant électrique dans les gaz, les semiconducteurs et les métaux. Les questions de cinétique ne sont presque pas examinées dans des cours plus simples.
Aussi, en écrivant cet ouvrage, avions-nous en vue un lecteur dont les connaissances correspondent au niveau du cours de Mathé­matiques et de Physique générale enseigné dans les grandes écoles techniques.
Bien que le cours ait surtout en vue d’initier le lecteur aux métho­des et notions principales de la physique statistique, le texte est illustré par des exemples dont la valeur appliquée est assez évidente et liée le plus souvent à l’électronique. Le principe dont s’inspirait Fauteur est celui qui a depuis longtemps fait ses preuves: du concret à l’abstrait, du simple au compliqué.
L’ouvrage ne décrit pas de nombreuses applications importantes de la physique statistique telles que l’étude des phénomènes magné­tiques, l’établissement des conditions d’équilibre des phases, etc. Ceci est dû d’abord au temps limité assigné à l’étude de cette disci­ pline. Malgré ces grandes lacunes l’auteur espère que l’étude du pré­ sent manuel permettra au lecteur de s’orienter librement dans une large classe de problèmes appliqués importants, tout en le préparant à l’assimilation des ouvrages plus difficiles. La première partie consacrée aux principes de la théorie des probabilités peut être omise par les lecteurs dont les connaissances dans ce domaine correspondent pratiquement à tout cours de cette discipline.
Dans ce livre l’auteur a profité de la vaste documentation exposée dans plusieurs manuels et monographies, dont la liste est donnée dans la bibliographie. L’auteur tient à exprimer sa reconnaissance au professeur V. Fa­bricant pour la critique bienveillante du manuscrit. Ses suggestions qui avaient surtout pour but de simplifier et clarifier l’exposé ont été prises en compte dans la rédaction définitive.

Un grand merci à Henri Leveque pour le scan original.

Le livre a été traduit du russe par Valentin Polonski.

L’édition française a été publiée en 1985 par les éditions Mir.

Crédits à l’uploader d’origine.

Vous pouvez obtenir le livre ici.

(J’ai utilisé la traduction automatique, toutes mes excuses pour les erreurs.)

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Physique Moléculaire – Kikoïne, Kikoïne

Posted on December 13, 2022 by The Mitr

Dans cet article, nous verrons le livre Physique Moléculaire par A. Kikoïne; I. Kikoïne.

À propos du livre

En étudiant dans le cours de mécanique les lois qui régissent le-mouvement des corps, on ne s’est pas demandé comment sont structu­ rés ces corps et quelles sont leurs propriétés.
Les corps possèdent une masse et ont certaines dimensions, c’étai­ ent les seuls renseignements qu’on avait sur eux et cela suffisait pleinement pour l’étude du mouvement, car l’application des forces au corps ne mettait en jeu que ces seules propriétés. Or il est évident que les dimensions et la masse ne couvrent pas toutes les propriétés des corps. Les corps qui nous entourent diffèrent l ’un de l ’autre non seulement par la masse et les dimensions, mais également par une série d’autres propriétés. Or si ces autres propriétés du corps n’interviennent pas dans le mouvement mécanique, elles sont tou­tefois intimement liées aux autres phénomènes naturels. Les propriétés des corps sont fonctions de leur structure, des éléments qui les composent, des forces agissant entre ces éléments, etc. Aussi le problème de la structure de la matière est-il l’un des problèmes fondamentaux de la physique. Dans ce livre on abordera l’étude de la structure de la matière qui constitue le problème fondamental des sciences naturelles.

Le livre a été traduit du russe par Oleg Partchevski.

L’édition française a été publiée en 1979 par les éditions Mir.

Un grand merci à Henri Leveque pour le scan original.

Vous pouvez obtenir le livre ici.

(J’ai utilisé la traduction automatique, toutes mes excuses pour les erreurs.)

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