Reports From The Twenty First Century by M. Vasilyev; S. Gushchev

We have met prominent scientists, engineers and inventors whose daring projects are aimed into the future. On behalf of millions of readers we asked them to do a little dreaming with us, try to foresee the developments in the branches of science in which they are working, tell us how their projects will be carried into, life and what they will accomplish. Cannot biologists tell what the plant will be like by its very first shoots? We asked the scientists to point out to us the more viable, so to speak, shoots in the science of today and the most promising trends in its development, and to help us form a picture of the mighty plants that will grow from these modest shoots.

We asked the scientists to cast an eye not only at the nearest future, the years we include in our long-term planning, but to look beyond them, through decades, to the very turn of the twenty-first century and even farther.

The scientists very willingly consented.

To be sure, this was no easy matter. In the U.S.S.R. science and engineering are developing faster than ever before. Not so very long ago atomic power was a vision of a distant future, today uranium reactors are already being installed in giant electric stations. It was not so very long ago that means of conveyance capable of connecting continents in the space of a few minutes existed only in science fiction, today intercontinental rockets are a reality. Fancy bridging a gulf of fifty years yet to come, when an engineering project outstrips even the most daring fantasy?! But the scientists did it just the same.

Listening to the tales about the wonders science is to carry into life and
engineering to bring within everybody’s reach we seemed to live in the future ourselves. And this is why we feel justified in naming our reports of the interviews “Reports from the Twenty-First Century.”

Translated from the Russian by David Myshne
Designed by Juri Kopylov
Illustrated by N. Grishin

You can get the book here and here

Date is approximate.

Note: Restoring the book to its present state took some efforts. This book was in a really bad shape. It had been drenched in water for sometime before we got it almost two decades back. Though the spine and binding are good the pages themselves have brownish patches due to water damage in almost every page. Almost all pages with illustrations had to be edited manually. Hence you will notice slight change in colouration especially in the two colour illustrations. The full colour plates similarly have a weird colouration effect due to white balancing out the water damage.

Contents

Here’s the corrected table of contents without leading dots:

INTRODUCTION
From the Authors 9
Learn to Dream 10

THE MAIN AND MOST IMPORTANT THINGS
Transformation of Elements—the Future of Metallurgy 21
Mines Are Breathing Their Last 30
Automatic Oil Field 40
From the Sources 46
Power Resources in the Year 2010 50
Farkhad’s New Hammer 56

IN THE NAME OF LIFE AND PLENTY
Biology Will Become an Exact Science 68
Tale About Bloodless Surgery 72
The Golden Age of Plenty Is Coming 83
At One Table with Poseidon 90

THE AGE OF RADIO
The Second Fifty Years in the Life of Radio 107
The Revolution in Intellectual Work Has Begun 115
Man Will Kindle an Artificial Sun 121
The Second Window onto the Universe 131

JAUNTS, EXCURSIONS, TRAVELS
On Land, at Sea and in the Air 143
Through 21st Century Moscow 150
Model of the Year 2010 156
A Picture of the Future School 160
Magnetic Photographs and Films 167
Siberia Through a Stratoplane Window 173

MASTERS OF THE PLANET
Geographers Will Remake Nature 188
Pulse of the Tatar Strait 194

DISTANT VOYAGES
Lunar City 204
Through Interstellar Abysses 208

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The Sun Princess And Her Deliverer – A Lithuanian Folk Tale

A Lithuanian folk tale of princess and her rescuer.

Drawings by A. Makunaite
Translated by Irina Zheleznova

You can get the book here and here

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Silence by L. Andreiyeff

“Silence” by Leonid Andreyev is a poignant short story that delves into the complexities of familial relationships and communication. The narrative revolves around a father and his daughter who are estranged despite living under the same roof. The father, a stern and authoritarian figure, struggles with expressing his emotions, leading to a growing chasm of silence between them. The daughter’s silent rebellion and the father’s inability to bridge the emotional gap highlight the theme of isolation within close relationships. Through this story, Andreyev poignantly explores the devastating effects of unspoken words and emotional estrangement within a family.

Translated from the Russian by John Cournos

You can get the book here and here

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B.A. Vorontsov-Vel’yaminov – A Collection of Problems in Astronomy – A Manual for Students

About The Book

This collection of problems is intended for secondary school students. The topics of the problems and their arrangement correspond to the syllabus and the textbook.

A distinctive feature of this problem book is that it includes assignments for independent work. Independent observations and measurements based on drawings and photographs simulate the work of an astronomer and give students an idea of how science studies objects. To increase the number of such exercises and make fuller use of the illustrative material in the astronomy textbook, some of the independent assignments are proposed to be carried out using its drawings and photographs.
When solving the problems, it is sometimes necessary to use a movable star chart and tabular data, which are also provided in the textbook.
The answers given at the end of the book help to check the correctness of problem solutions.

Translated from the Russian and typeset in LaTeX by Damitr Mazanav

This book is an Open Educational Resource (OER)

Released under Creative Commons BY Share Alike 4.0 License.

You can get the book here and here

PS: I hope there are no major blunders in the translation or the typesetting. But if you find any please drop a line.

Contents

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Independent Observations of the Sky 1
1.2 Brightness and Magnitudes 7
1.3 Celestial Sphere and Angular Measurements 9
1.4 Geographical Latitude and Celestial Coordinates 11
1.5 Ecliptic and Wandering Bodies 15
1.6 Time, Longitude and Calendar 23

2 Structure of the Solar System 27
2.1 Planetary Motion and Periods 27
2.2 Conditions of Visibility of the Planets 32
2.3 Gravitation and Masses of Celestial Bodies 33
2.4 Elements of Astronautics 36
2.5 Earth 39
2.6 Distances and Parallax 44

3 Physical Nature of the Bodies of the Solar System 49
3.1 Spectral Analysis 49
3.2 Planets 54
3.3 Comets and Meteors 56
3.4 The Moon, Its Motion and Nature 59
3.5 Eclipses 62
3.6 Exercises for Independent Study: Planets and Comets 67

4 The Sun and Stars 75
4.1 The Sun 75
4.2 Tasks for Independent Work 79
4.3 Nature of Stars 82
4.4 Double Stars. Stellar Masses 90
4.5 Variable and Novae Stars 99

5 Structure of the Universe 107
5.1 Motions of Stars 107

6 Solutions 119
6.1 Introduction 119
6.2 Structure of the Solar System 124
6.3 Physical Nature of the Bodies of the Solar System 130
6.4 The Sun and Stars 135
6.5 Structure of the Universe 137

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मौजी जीवन – निकोलाइ नोसोव (Jolly Family and Other Stories in Hindi by Nikolai Nosov)

“मौजी जीवन” (Весёлая семейка) निकोलाई नोसोव द्वारा लिखी गई एक मज़ेदार और प्रसिद्ध बाल कथा है, जो 1940 के दशक में सोवियत संघ में प्रकाशित हुई थी। यह कहानी दो नटखट और जिज्ञासु स्कूली बच्चों — कोल्या और मिश्का — की है, जो एक किताब पढ़ने के बाद अपने घर में मुर्गियाँ पालने का फैसला करते हैं।

यह प्रयोग धीरे-धीरे एक हास्यपूर्ण झमेले में बदल जाता है — अंडों का टूटना, चूजों की आवाज़ से घर का कोना-कोना गूँजना, पालतू जानवरों की देखभाल में आने वाली मुश्किलें और माता-पिता की चिढ़। फिर भी, इस पूरे अनुभव में बच्चों की सीखने की ललक, दोस्ती और जिम्मेदारी की भावना उभर कर सामने आती है।

नोसोव की लेखनी बच्चों की दुनिया को सहज, हँसमुख और यथार्थ रूप में प्रस्तुत करती है। मौजी जीवन एक ऐसी कहानी है जो बच्चों को न केवल हँसाती है, बल्कि उन्हें कुछ नया करने और गलतियों से सीखने के लिए भी प्रेरित करती है।

You can get the book here and here

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गोर्की और प्रेमचन्द – दो अमर प्रतिभायें – मदनलाला मधु (Gorky And Premchand Two Immortal Talents In Hindi by Madanlal Madhu)

मक्सिम गोर्की (१८६८-१६३६) – रूसी सोवियत लेखक तथा सार्वजनिक कार्यकर्ता साहित्य में समाजवादी यथार्थवाद के जन्मवात) सोवियत लेखक संघ के प्रथम अध्यक्ष ।

प्रेमचन्द (१८८०-१६३६) – हिन्दी-उर्दू स हित्य में यथार्थवादी साहित्य परम्परा प्रवत्र्त्तक । प्रगतिशील लेखक संघ के प्रथ अध्यक्ष ।

“प्रस्तुत ग्रन्थ में दोनों लेखकों की प्रतिभा । उन पक्षों को विद्वत्तापूर्वक उद्घाटित किया गयः है जिनसे अमर साहित्य की रचना होती है।” ( ‘नवभारत टाइम्स’)

“गोर्की और प्रेमचन्द के साहित्य का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन पहले भी प्रस्तुत किया गया है, पर प्रस्तुत पुस्तक में शायद, पहली बार रूस और भारत की तत्कालीन ऐतिहासिक परिस्थितियों की पृष्ठभूमि में इन दो महान लेखकों का क्रमबद्ध और बहुमुखी चित्र प्रस्तुत किया गया है।”
(‘कादम्बिनी’)

“प्रस्तुत पुस्तक दो महान लेखकों के कृतित्व के अनेक वर्षीय अनुसंधान का सुफल है। पुस्तक रोचक है और इसको यह रोचकता श्रारंभ से अन्त तक बनी रहती है। सारगर्भित होने के साथ-साथ इसकी अच्छी सज्जा इसे और भी आकर्षक बना देती है।” (‘इंडिया’)

“प्रस्तुत पुस्तक में अच्छी तरह से दिखाया गया है कि सामाजिक और राजनीतिक चेतना की पृष्ठभूमि में दो महान लेखकों के जीवन का कटु अनुभव उनके कृतित्व में कैसे प्रतिबिम्बित हुआ है। गोर्की और प्रेमचन्द के सा- हित्य के अध्ययन और उसे अच्छी तरह समझने की दृष्टि से इस पुस्तक को अवश्य पढ़ा जाना चाहिये।” (‘जनोदय’)

लेखक के बारें में

डा० मदनलाल ‘मधु’ एम०, पिएचडी, कवि, समालोचक, अनुवादक-सम्पादक । पंजाब में लगभग दस वर्ष तक अध्यापन-कार्य, वो वर्ष तक आकाशवाणी जालन्धर से सम्बद्ध । अनेक कविताओं, रेडियो नाटकों, रूपकों, संगीत-रूपकों का सृजन । भारत सरकार के विदेश-मन्त्रालय के चुनाव पर १६५७ से मास्को के प्रगति प्रकाशन और अब रादुगा प्रकाशन में कार्यरत । एक सौ से अधिक विश्व-विख्यात रूसी और सोवियत लेखकों की रचनाओं का अनुवाद-सम्पादन । प्रेमचन्द और गोर्की के साहित्य में विशेष रुचि । महान सर्वहारा लेखक के अनेक नाटकों तथा उपन्यासों-कहानियों का अनुवाद अथवा सम्पादन । गोर्की और प्रेमचन्द के जीवन तथा कृतित्व एवं जीवन-दृष्टिकोणों की सादृश्यता से दोनों पर शोध-कार्य की प्रेरणा । मास्को विश्वविद्यालय के सोवियत साहित्य विभाग द्वारा शोध-प्रबन्ध पर पिएचडी की उपाधि ।

You can get the book here and here

अनुक्रम

प्रकाशक की ओर से ५
दूसरे संस्करण के बारे में कुछ शब्द ७
एक पुष्प और १०
कड़ियां टूटेंगी २०
नया सूरज २८
वोल्गा और गंगा के तटों पर ४५
युग और चेतना εε
साहित्य और जीवन १४६
सृजन के दर्पण में १५८
गोर्की और प्रेमचन्द २७०

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आई – मॅक्सिम गोर्की (Mother in Marathi by Maxim Gorky)

मॅक्सिम गोर्कीच्या आई कादंबरीत पेलागेया नीलोव्ना हिची कथा आहे, जिचा मुलगा पावेल एक क्रांतिकारी आहे. पेलागेया, एक विधवा आणि गरीब आई, आपल्या मुलासोबत राहत असते. पावेल कारखान्यात काम करत असताना क्रांतिकारी विचारांच्या प्रभावाखाली येतो. आपल्या मुलाच्या उद्दिष्टांची आणि त्याच्या संघर्षांची ती जाणीव होते आणि त्याला समर्थन करण्याचा निर्णय घेते. कादंबरीत, एका आईच्या दृष्टिकोनातून, सामाजिक न्यायासाठी आणि श्रमिकांच्या हक्कांसाठी चालणाऱ्या लढ्याचे चित्रण केले आहे. गोर्कीने या कादंबरीत समाजातील दमन आणि अन्यायाविरुद्ध लढा देणाऱ्या सामान्य लोकांच्या धैर्याचा गौरव केला आहे.

रशियन भाषेतून अनुवादित अनुवाद : प्रभाकर उर्ध्वरेषे

New, better scan: You can get the book here and here

earlier scan: You can get the book here and here

 

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The First Breath Of Freedom

The book contains extracts from memoirs, diaries, articles, letters and the statements made by the Decembrists during the investigation, as well as extracts from official documents and the memoirs of contemporaries. The reader will have the opportunity to make the acquaintance of some of the most educated and noble-minded men of their age, men possessed of enormous spiritual wealth and generosity.
As is always the case with any book composed of frag­ ments, it is reminiscent of a mosaic: each recollection adds its own distinctive touch to the overall picture. The documents preserve the language and style of the day, and sometimes require studious attention. There­ fore, in order to help the reader to find his way among the names, titles, facts and events, each section of the book is preceded by an account in which the whirl of events and twists of fate, the thoughts and passionate debates, the evaluations and impressions are logically ordered by the compiler. The notes at the end of the book will assist the reader with the more unfamiliar as­
pects of life in 19th-century Russia.
…And now I will leave you alone with the Decembrists
and their times.

Translated from the Russian by Synthia Carlile Designed by Alexander Alexeyeu
Compiler, author of introductory article and notes Vladimir Fyodorov, D. Sc. (Hist.)

You can get the book here and here

This is a cleaned, optimised copy of

Original scan

A 1988 Soviet work. Scanned by Ismail, sent to him by Crickwich.

 

CONTENTS

A Few Words to the Reader. 9
Mikhail Lunin. “A Look at the Secret Society in Russia (1816-1826)” 11

“Of Reflection the Noble Aspiration”

Historical Background. 18

A Letter Written by Pyotr Kakhovsky in the SS Peter and Paul Fortress to Emperor Nicholas I42
Vladimir Rayevsky. From “Reflections on the Slavery of the Peasants”45
Yakov Andreyevich on the Reasons Why He Joined the Secret Society. From His Testimony to the Committee of Enquiry. 48
Mikhail Fonvizin. “On the Causes of the Emergence of Secret Societies in Russia” 50
Nikolai Turgenev. From Diary Notes, 1816-182053
From the “Notes” of Ivan Yakushkin 58
Sergei Trubetskoy on the Union of Salvation and the Union of Welfare. From the “Notes” of Trubetskoy 65
From the Testimony of Pavel Pestel on the Union of Welfare69
From the Statutes of the Union of Welfare (The Green Book) 70
From “A Brief Description of Various Secret Societies Whose Real or Fictitious Existence Was Discovered by the Committee of Enquiry”. Early Decembrist Organisations. 72
Vladimir Rayevsky. From “Reflections on the Soldier” 76
Matvei Muravyov-Apostol. “The Semyonovsky Affair of 1820”79
From the Reminiscences of Ivan Yakushkin on the Moscow Congress of 1821 and the Dissolution of the Union of Welfare86
From “A Brief Description of Various Secret Societies Whose Real or Fictitious Existence Was Discovered by the Committee of Enquiry”. Societies Which Emerged after the Dissolution of the Union of Welfare. 87
Nikolai Lorer. “Reminiscences of Pestel”89
Pavel Pestel. “The Definition, Aim and Operation of the Russkaya Pravda. (Introduction to the Draft Constitution) 92
Nikita Muravyov About His Membership of the Secret Society. From His Testimony to the Committee of Enquiry, 5 January 182694
From the Draft Constitution by Nikita Muravyov. 95
Alexander Muravyov about His Brother, Nikita Muravyov. From His Recollections 97
Nikolai Bestuzhev about Kondratii Ryleyev. From His Recollections99
Ivan Pushchin. “Notes on Pushkin”. 103
From “A Brief Description of Various Secret Societies Whose Real or Fictitious Existence Was Discovered by the Committee of Enquiry”. The Society of Associated Slavs. 114
Pyotr Borisov on the Emergence of the Society of Associated Slavs. From His Testimony Before the Committee of Enquiry 115
Ivan Gorbachevsky. “On the Unification of the Society of Associated Slavs with the Southern Society” 118
The Speech Delivered by Bestuzhev-Riumin at a Meeting of the Members of the Society of Associated Slavs, 13 September 1825. From the Testimony of Bestuzhev-Riumin. 124
Pavel Pestel on the Plans for an Armed Uprising and Coup d’Etat. From the Testimony of Pavel Pestel 125
Sergei Volkonsky on Government Surveillance of the Secret Society. 127
Yevgenii Obolensky. From “Reminiscences about Kondratii Ryleyev”132

II. “The First Breath of Freedom”
The Insurrection 144
Sergei Trubetskoy on the Interregnum in November-December 1825. From the Reminiscences of Sergei Trubetskoy 150
Nikolai Bestuzhev on Preparations for the Insurrection on 14 December 1825. From His Reminiscences. 156
Kondratii Ryleyev about Preparations for the Insurrection on 14 December 1825. From His Testimony before the Committee of Enquiry. 162
Sergei Trubetskoy on the Plan of the Insurrection and Preparations for It. From the Testimony of S. Trubetskoy. 165
Manifesto to the Russian People 169
Andrei Rozen on the Insurrection of 14 December 1825. From His Reminiscences. 170
From the Reminiscences of Vladimir Steingel 178
From the Reminiscences of Mikhail Bestuzhev. 182
From the Reminiscences of Nikolai Bestuzhev. 186
From the “Notes” of Nicholas I about 14 December 1825 188
Matvei Muravyov-Apostol. “The Insurrection of the Chernigovsky Regiment.” From His Reminiscences 195
Ivan Gorbachevsky. “The Insurrection of the Chernigovsky Regiment.” From His “Notes” 202

III. “In Our Destiny We Take Pride”
The Tsar Savagely Dealt with the Insurgents. 214
Mikhail Fonvizin on the Enquiry into the Decembrists’ Affair and Their Trial. From “A Review of the Manifestations of Political Life in Russia”221
From the Reminiscences of Alexander Muravyov “My Journal”224
Nikolai Lorer on His Interrogation in the Winter Palace. From His Recollections 230
From the Reminiscences of Nikolai Basargin 233
Decree to the Supreme Criminal Court, 10 July 1826 249
From the Protocol of the Supreme Criminal Court of 11 July 1826252
Instructions of Nicholas I on the Ceremonial Execution of the Sentence Against the Decembrists 253
The Report of the Governor-General of St Petersburg, P. Golenishchev-Kutuzov, to Nicholas I Dated 13 July 1826, on the Execution of the Death Sentence against P. Pestel, K. Ryleyev, S. Muravyov-Apostol, M. Bestuzhev-Riumin and P. Kakhovsky 254
From the Reminiscences of Yevgenii Obolensky. 254
Alexander Herzen. From the Book *The Past and Reflections*256
Alexander Muravyov. “On the Departure of the Condemned Decembrists into Penal Servitude.” From His Reminiscences 257
From the “Notes” of Maria Volkonskaya 261
The Letters of Mikhail Lunin to His Sister, Yekaterina Uvarova (1838-1839) 273
From the Reminiscences of Pauline Annenkova 278
Nikolai Lorer about the Wives of the Decembrists. From His Reminiscences 283
The Death of Alexandra Muravyova. From the Reminiscences of Nikolai Lorer 287
Reminiscences of Nikolai Basargin about His Companions in Exile 289
Nikolai Belogolovy. From “Reminiscences of a Siberian about the Decembrists” 293
Pyotr Pershin (Karaksarsky) about Mikhail and Nikolai Bestuzhev in Exile in Siberia. From His Reminiscences 298
From the Reminiscences of Maria Frantseva 300
Nikolai Belogolovy on the Return of the Decembrists from Siberia. From “Reminiscences of a Siberian about the Decembrists” 306
Mikhail Lunin. “The Social Movement in Russia in the Present Reign”. 308
Lev Tolstoy on the Return of the Decembrists. 312
Alexander Herzen. From the Essay “On the Development of Revolutionary Ideas in Russia”. 313
From the article by V. I. Lenin “In Memory of Herzen” 315

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Hail, Life – Articles, Speeches, Letters by Nikolai Ostrovsky

A collection of articles, speeches and letters of Soviet writer Nikolai Ostrovsky.

Translated from the Russian by Helen Altschuler
Designed by N. Seregin

Original scan by DLI.
This is a cleaned, optimised scan.

Publication data is approximate for the decade.

You can get the book here and here

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New Year’s In Sokolniki Lenin Among Children by A. Kononov

A little book describing Lenin and children in a Christmas setting.

Drawings by N. Zhukov
Translated from the Russian by Fainna Glagoleva

You can get the book here and here

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