Translated rom the Russian by V. Kolykhmatov
The textbook is intended for students of agricultural vocational schools and for training workers — rice cultivators. It describes biological characteristics of rice, its cultivation and harvesting methods, and irrigation systems. Much attention is paid to primary and preplanting soil treatment methods, to harvesting periods and techniques used for various rice-growing machines, and also to the rice-seed growing methods. Economics of rice growing techniques and progressive methods of growing rice are also detailed in the book.
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Table of Contents
Preface 5
A Note on Terminology ………………………………………………… 8
Introduction ………………………………………………………………… 9
Economic Value of Rice ………………………………………………….. 10
Origin of Cultivated Rice …………………………………………………. 11
History of Rice Cultivation in the Soviet Union ……………………….. 12
Acreage, Yield, Distribution, and Production of Rice ……………… 13
Chapter 1: Oryza
Botanical Description …………………………………………………….. 16
Morphological Characters ………………………………………………… 17
Development of the Plant …………………………………………………. 23
Environmental and Nutritional Requirements ……………………….. 27
Chapter 2: Irrigated-Rice Production System
Post-Construction and Seasonal Uses ………………………………….. 43
Chapter 3: Rice Culture
Crop Rotations ……………………………………………………………….. 45
Cropped Land Structure …………………………………………………… 48
Intensified Cropping System ……………………………………………… 50
Land Preparation …………………………………………………………….. 57
Basic Soil Treatment ……………………………………………………… 59
Tilling Grassland for Rice ……………………………………………… 62
Tilling Land for Fallow-Sown Crops ………………………………… 62
Preparing Seedbed for Rice ……………………………………………. 63
Current Land-Smoothing or Planing ………………………………… 68
Preparing Seedbed for Early and Deep Planting of Rice ……….. 72
Wet or Underwater Leveling …………………………………………… 73
Minimum Tillage for Rice ……………………………………………… 74
Fertilization …………………………………………………………………….. 75
Mineral Nutrients and Sources ………………………………………… 77
Organic Matter and Sources ……………………………………………. 81
Soil Liming ………………………………………………………………….. 84
Fertilization Practices …………………………………………………… 85
Seed and Seeding …………………………………………………………….. 92
Classification of Seed …………………………………………………… 93
Pre-Plant Treatment of Seed ………………………………………….. 94
Rate of Seeding ……………………………………………………………. 95
Method of Seeding ……………………………………………………….. 96
Time of Seeding …………………………………………………………… 99
Water Management …………………………………………………………. 101
Systems of Water Management ……………………………………….. 102
Managing Water for Nonchemical Weed Control ……………….. 103
Managing Water for Chemical Weed Control ……………………. 105
Managing Water for Saline Soils …………………………………….. 107
Managing Water for Insect and Pest Control ……………………… 108
Managing Water for Early and Deep-Seeded Rice ………………. 109
Crop Tending …………………………………………………………………. 110
Chapter 4: Weeds and Their Control
Weed Control Practices …………………………………………………… 111
Nonchemical Weed Control …………………………………………….. 122
Chemical Weed Control ………………………………………………… 126
Chapter 5: Diseases and Pests of Rice and Their Control
Rice Diseases ……………………………………………………………….. 129
Pests of Rice ………………………………………………………………….. 130
Environmental Considerations in Rice Production ……………….. 132
Chapter 6: Harvest and Post-Harvest Operations
Draining for Harvest ……………………………………………………… 140
Pre-Harvest Chemical Drying ………………………………………….. 142
Pre-Harvest Operations ………………………………………………… 142
Harvesting Rice …………………………………………………………….. 144
Grain Moisture Content ………………………………………………… 145
Post-Harvest Operations ……………………………………………….. 150
Straw Removal and Use ………………………………………………. 151
Processing Rice for Storage and Milling …………………………… 154
Chapter 7: Marketing, Milling, and Cooking Qualities of Rice
Marketing Quality ……………………………………………………….. 158
Milling Quality …………………………………………………………….. 159
Cooking Quality …………………………………………………………… 160
Chapter 8: Seed Rice and Seed Production
Sources of Pure Seed ……………………………………………………. 162
Classes of Seed ……………………………………………………………. 164
Seed Rice Culture ……………………………………………………….. 165
The Control of Red Rice ………………………………………………. 166
The Time and Method of Harvesting Seed Rice ………………… 168
Processing and Storing Seed Rice ………………………………….. 169
Drying, Cleaning, and Grading …………………………………….. 170
Storing Seed Rice ………………………………………………………. 172
Chapter 9: Varieties of Rice
Description of Selected Varieties ……………………………………… 174
Choosing the Variety ……………………………………………………. 176
References ……………………………………………………………… 178
The Irrigator’s Practical Guide ……………………………………… 180
Index ………………………………………………………………………. 182
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