The book systematises the theoretical principles of heat treatment of metals and alloys. Its main emphasis is the study of changes in the structure and properties of metallic materials upon thermal treatment. Variations in the structure and properties (mainly mechanical) upon quenching, tempering, ageing, annealing with phase transformations, recrystallisation and pre-recrystallisation annealing, homogenising, stress-relief annealing, chemical heat treatment, and thermo-mechanical treatment are analysed in much detail.

The book is written at a high scientific level but in a clear language comprehensible for higher-school students. The author has used his many years of experience in lecturing at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys. The book is intended as a textbook for students of metallurgical and mechanical engineering institutes and may be of use for engineers engaged in physical metallurgy, heat treatment of metals, plastic metal working, casting, and welding.

Prof. I. I. Novikov, born in 1926, finished his studies at the Moscow Institute of Non-ferrous Metals and Gold in 1948, where he worked with Acad. A. A. Boehvar. He received his Cand. Sc. degree in 1951 and his D.Sc. degree in 1964 for original research work in the strength and plasticity of alloys in solid-liquid state. From 1965, he has headed the Chair of Physical Metallurgy of Non-ferrous and Rare Metals at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys.

His published works (around 2001) include some monographs, such as Hot-shortness of Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys(1966), Corrosion in Alloys (1966), Diagrams of Aluminum Alloys (1973), and higher-school textbooks The Theory of Heat Treatment of Metals (1974) and Imperfections in Crystal Structure of Metals (1975).

At present, he is engaged in studies of superplasticity, substructure of cast alloys, and development of high-strength casting aluminium alloys.

Translated from the Russian by V. Afanasyev

You can get the book here and here

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Contents

Preface

Introduction

1. First-order Annealing

1.1. Homogenising Annealing 1.1.1. Non-equilibrium Crystallisation of Alloys 1.1.2. Structural Changes in Alloys on Homogenising Annealing 1.1.3. Variations of Properties of Alloys on Homogenising Annealing 1.1.4. Homogenising with Heating Above the Non-equilibrium Solidus Temperature

1.2. Recrystallisation and Prerecrystallisation Annealing 1.2.1. Structural Changes in Metal on Cold Plastic Working 1.2.2. Alteration of Metal Properties on Cold Plastic Working 1.2.3. Structural Changes on Prerecrystallisation Annealing 1.2.4. Primary Recrystallisation 1.2.5. Grain Growth 1.2.6. Textures of Primary Recrystallisation and Grain Growth 1.2.7. Secondary Recrystallisation 1.2.8. Size of Recrystallised Grains in Annealed Metal 1.2.9. Changes in Metal Properties upon Prerecrystallisation and Recrystallisation Annealing 1.2.10. Anisotropy of Properties in Annealed Metal 1.2.11. Selecting Conditions of Prerecrystallisation and Recrystallisation Annealing

1.3. Stress-relief Annealing 1.3.1. Appearance and Role of Residual Stresses 1.3.2. Lowering Residual Stresses by Annealing

2. Second-order Annealing

2.1. General Laws of Phase Transformations in the Solid State 2.1.1. Thermodynamics of Phase Transformations 2.1.2. The Role of Structure of Interfaces in Phase Transformations 2.1.3. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation of Phases 2.1.4. Formation of Intermediate Metastable Phases 2.1.5. Kinetics of Phase Transformations

2.2. Annealing of Steels 2.2.1. Formation of Austenite on Heating 2.2.2. Diffusion Transformations in Austenite on Cooling 2.2.3. Types of Steel Annealing

2.3. Annealing of Cast Irons 2.3.1. Graphitising Annealing 2.3.2. Normalising of Cast Irons

2.4. Annealing of Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys 2.4.1. Heterogenising Annealing 2.4.2. Annealing with Phase Transformation

3. Quenching

3.1. Quenching without Polymorphic Change 3.1.1. Variations of Properties during Quenching without Polymorphic Change 3.1.2. Heating and Cooling during Quenching without Polymorphic Change

3.2. Quenching with Polymorphic Transformation 3.2.1. Martensitic Transformation in Carbon Steels 3.2.2. Thermodynamics of Martensitic Transformations 3.2.3. Mechanism of Martensitic Transformation 3.2.4. Microstructure and Substructure of Martensite-hardened Alloys 3.2.5. Kinetics of Martensitic Transformations 3.2.6. Variations of Properties of Alloys on Martensitic Hardening 3.2.7. Bainitic Transformation 3.2.8. Hardenability of Steels 3.2.9. Heating and Cooling in Steel Hardening

4. Ageing and Tempering

4.1. Ageing 4.1.1. Thermodynamics of Precipitation from Solid Solution 4.1.2. Structural Changes on Ageing 4.1.3. Variations of Alloy Properties on Ageing 4.1.4. Effect of Alloy Composition on Ageing 4.1.5. Selection of Ageing Conditions 4.1.6. Reversion in Age-hardened Alloys

4.2. Tempering 4.2.1. Structural Changes in Tempered Steel 4.2.2. Variations of Mechanical Properties in Tempered Steels and Selection of Tempering Conditions

5. Chemical Heat Treatment and Thermo-mechanical Treatment

5.1. Chemical Heat Treatment 5.1.1. Changes in Composition and Structure of Metal on Chemical Heat Treatment 5.1.2. Kinds of Chemical Heat Treatment

5.2. Thermo-mechanical Treatment 5.2.1. Thermo-mechanical Treatment of Ageing Alloys 5.2.2. Thermo-mechanical Treatment of Martensite-hardening Steels

Appendix. Compositions (Mass Percentage) of Steels and Non-ferrous Alloys Mentioned in the Text

Index