In this post, we will see the book Automation In Electrical Power Systems by A. Barzam.

About the book

This is the third Russian edition of “Automation in Electrical Power Systems” which covers design and operation of automatic control devices intended to prevent and clear faults in electrical power systems and restore power to the loads in the event of breakdown thus assuring continuity of the supply.

The reliable and unfailing operation of such devices has been ensured through the research and development effort put into automatic power control systems. The book discusses automatic control in conjunction with protective relaying, since the required reliability and economy of power system operation can be achieved through the combined action of both groups of equipment, each cate­ ring for specific aspects in functioning of loads and generating sources.

The wide use of automatic control systems adds to the reliability, stability and economy of power supply systems and takes some burden from attending personnel.

The book is designed as a study guide for students of power engineering secondary schools. It may also interest engineers concerned with the operation, installation and design of protective relaying and automatic devices used in electric power stations and networks.

The book was translated from Russian by P. I. Zabolotny and was published in 1977 by Mir.

Credits to the original uploader.

You can get the book here.

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Contents

Preface 9

Introduction 11

I-1. Purpose of Automatic Power Control Systems 11
I-2. Elements of Automatic Control Systems 13
I-3. Automatic Control and Controllers 16
I-4. Relays and Relaying Devices 22
I-5. Elements of Logic Operations 24
I-6. Connection Diagrams 31
I-7. Conclusions 32
I-8. Review Questions 33

Chapter 1. Automatic Control of Synchronous Generator Excitation 35

1-1. Purpose of Automatic Excitation Control (AEC) Devices 35
1-2. Automatic Excitation Forcing of a Generator 38
1-3. Excitation Compounding with Cumulative Connection of Electromagnetic
Voltage Corrector 43
1-4. Excitation Controllers of Generators, Series TVV, with a High-Frequency Excitation System 49
1-5. Overaction Excitation Controllers 51
1-6. Conclusions 56
1-7. Review Questions 57

Chapter 2. Automatic Voltage Regulation 60

2-1. General 60
2-2. Use of AEC Devices 60
2-3. Group Control of Generator Excitation 65
2-4. na Devices for Changing the Transformation Ratio of Power Transformers 69
2-5. Devices for Automatic Capacity ‘Control of Capacitor Banks 75
2-6. Voltage Regulation by Booster Transformers 78
2-7. Voltage Regulation by Changing Excitation of Synchronous Capacitor 78
2-8. Voltage Ngulaan; By: Controlled Reactors 80
2-9. Conclusions 81
2-10. Review Questions 82

Chapter 3. Excitation Systems and Automatic Field pihage Devices of Synchronous Machines 83

3-1. General 83
3-2. Exciters Using Gas-Discharge Tubes and Thyristors 86
3-3. Brushless Excitation System 91
3-4. Excitation Systems of Large Turbogenerators 92
3-5. Field Discharge by Deion Grid Automatic Devices and by changing the Field Coil Supply to Inverter 94
3-6. Conclusions 99
3-7. Review Questions 100

Chapter 4. Automatic Controls for Maintaining Stability in Parallel Operation and Elimination of Asynchronous Operation 102

4-1. General 102
4-2. Principal Relations Determining Operation of Automatic Controls 103
4-3. Automatic Controls for Improvement of Steady-State Stability 109
4-4. Automatic Controls for Improvement of Transient Stability 124
4-5. Automatic Devices for Sectionalizing Power Systems to Prevent or Eliminate Asynchronous Operation 129
4-6. Separation of Small Thermal Power Stations from Large Hydroelectric Stations when Speed of Hydroelectric Generators Increases 143
4-7. Preventing Misoperation of Protective Relaying 144
4-8. Conclusions 158
4-9. Review Questions 159

Chapter 5. Automatic Frequency Control 161

5-1. Purpose and Specific Features of Automatic PENS Control (AFC) 161
5-2. Modern Principles of AFC 165
5-3. Short-Time Drops of Frequency 169
5-4. Choice of Parameters of FARC Devices and Work of Operators 175
5-5. AFC and FARC Circuits 176
5-6. Induction Frequency Relays 180
5-7. Frequency Relays, Type P4U-I, EAU Onne Semiconductor Blemenie 184
5-8 Conclusions 187
5-9. Review Questions 188

Chapter 6. Automatic Control of Frequency; Real Power and Power Flows in Power Systems 189

6-1. General 189
6-2. Frequency and Power Regulators 193
6-3. Devices to Control Power Output 195
6-4. Power Group Control at Thermal Stations 199
6-5. Power Group Control at Hydroelectric Stations 200
6-6. Frequency and Power Control in Integrated Power Systems 205
6-7. Magnetic Power Transducers 212
6-8. Conclusions 213
6-9. Review Questions 215

Chapter 7. Rapid Paralleling of Synchronous Generators and Parts of Power System 217

7-1. General 217
7-2. Precise Synchronization by Means of an ACT-4 Autosynchronizer 218
7-3. Self-Synchronization of Generators 227
7-4. Automatic Connection of Generators by Self-Synchronization 231
7-5. Speed Control Methods 236
7-6. Asynchronous Connection of Generators and Parts of Power System 238
7-7. Connection of Synchronous Motors, Preventing Their ace Out of a and
Resynchronization 241
7-8. Conclusions 247
7-9. Review Questions 248

Chapter 8. Three-Phase Automatic Reclosure 254

8-1. General 251
8-2. Single Lines ‘with Supply from One End 258
8-3. Single Tie Lines Between Power Stations and Substations with Svachronous Loads 268
8-4. Tie Lines and Parallel Links 287
8-5. TPARC Devices on Air Circuit Breakers 289
8-6. Conclusions 293
8-7. Review Questions 295

Chapter 9. One Phase Automatic Reclosure of Power Transmission Lines 297

9-1. Earth Fault and Tripping of One Phase 297
9-2. Types of Discriminating Elements of PARC Devices 306
9-3. PARC Circuit 312
9-4. Use of TPARC Device of Double-Shot Type and Pole-After-Pole Isolators in Place of a PARC Device on Lines 315
9-9. Conclusions 316
9-6. Review Questions 317

Chapter 10. Three Phase Automatic Reclosure of Transformers and Busbars 319

10-1. General 319
10-2. Automatic Testing of Busbars for Insulation 321
10-3. Power Supply to Consumers After Tripping of Busbars and Automatic
Reestablishing of Substation Connections 322
10-4. Automatic Reestablishing of Power Station Connections 324
10-5. Three-Phase ARC of Transformers 325
10-6. Conclusions 327
10-7. Review Questions 327

Chapter 11. Automatic Transfer to Reserve Supply and Equipment 328

11-1. General 328
11-2. ATS Device Circuits 331
11-3. ATS Devices Used by Substations Supplying Synchronous Loads 339
11-4. ATS Devices with Standardization Control Stations 341
41-5. Self-Starting of an Asynchronous Load 343
41-6. Conclusions 356
11-7. Review Questions 307

Chapter 12. Operation of ARC and ATS Devices in Conjunction with Protective Relaying 358

12-1. Acceleration of Protection Action Before ARC 308
12-2. Acceleration of Protection Action After ARC, ATS, and Remote Connection 359
12-3. High-Speed Selective Disconnection 360
12-4. Substations Without Circuit Breakers on the High-Tension Side 864
12-5. Simplifying Protective Relaying of Complex System Lines 367
12-6. Simplifying Primary Connection Circuits and Protective Relaying 369
12-7. Step-Down Transformers at Remote-Controlled Substations 373
12-8. Automatic Discriminating Redundancy 374
12-9. Conclusions 376
12-10. Review Questions 377

Chapter 13. Automatic Control Eliminating Overvoltages Across Equipment 378

13-1. General 378
13-2. Overvoltage Automatic Protection Controls
13-3. Increasing the Reset-to-Pickup Ratio of Voltage Relay
13-4. Conclusions

Chapter 14. Automatic Recording of Electrical Variables in Disturbances 392

14-1. General 392
14-2. Automatic Starting Devices for Oscillographs 396
14-3. Devices for Recording Electrical Variables with Automatic Acceleration of Recording Speeds During Disturbances 400
14-4. Automatic Oscillographs 403
14-5. Locating the Fault on Power Transmission Line from Fixing Instruments 406
14-6. Fixing Instruments 411
44-7. Conclusions 418
44-8. Review Questions 419

References 420
Index 428